Basic Knowledge of Chemistry….

CHEMISTRY

Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of the materials of universe. An Ancient Greek philosopher “Empedocles” states that every thing in the universe is made up of four elements i.e.

(a). Water          (b). Soil          (c). Fire          (4). Air

Any thing that occupies space and have weight is called matter. Any matter that have particular characteristics of another matter is called a substance.

Element: It is defined as “a substance that cannot be converted to other simpler substance” means that a substance whose all the atoms have same atomic number.

BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY

The study of chemistry is further divided into eight major branches.

Physical Chemistry: The branch of chemistry that deals with laws and theories to understand the structures and changes of matter is called physical chemistry.

Organic Chemistry: This branch deals with the study of the substances containing carbon except carbon monoxide (CO) Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) carbonate and bi carbonate is called Organic chemistry.

Inorganic Chemistry: The branch of chemistry that deals with elements and their compounds except organic compounds.

Biochemistry: The branch of chemistry that deals with physical and chemical changes that occur in living organism is called biochemistry.

Industrial Chemistry: The branch of chemistry that deals with the methods and use of technology in a large scale production of useful substances.

Nuclear Chemistry: It deals with the study of the changes that occur in atomic nuclei.

Environmental Chemistry: It deals with the chemical and toxic substances that pollute the environment and their adverse effect on human beings.

Analytical Chemistry: It deals with the matter and instruments for determining the composition of matter.

(Continued…….)